Clandestine Radio Watch 143
--------------xxxxxxxxxx CRW 143 xxxxxxxxxx--------------
CLANDESTINE RADIO WATCH
September 30, 2003
Clandestine Radio Watch (CRW) is a biweekly summary which centralizes the
latest news and developments affecting the study of clandestine radio in
an easy-to-read format. Editions are published on the CRW web site.
Access to CRW is free.
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CRW issues may also contain parts in other languages and the issues may
even contain 'clandestine radio related' news and stories.
CRW Team :
Editor-in-Chief : Martin Schoech, Eisenach
Correspondents : Achraf Chaabane, Sfax
Nick Grace C., Washington
Robertas Petraitis, Klaipeda
Next issue - CRW 144 : October 15, 2003
CRW is the newsletter for ClandestineRadio.com, the largest web-
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"Freedom of information is ... the touchstone of all the freedoms."
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------------xxxxxxxxxx Breaking News xxxxxxxxxx----------------
...............................................................
------------xxxxxxxxxx Schedules xxxxxxxxxx--------------------
Schedules - Divese
"Clandestines" via DTK Jülich B03
(Tentative!!!-based on previous seasons schedules/days of the week)
(compiled from DTK schedule)
1= Sun 2=Mon etc... 7=Sat
2330-0030 1234567 261003 280304 Dem.V.Of Burma 5945
1700-1759 1 34 6 261003 280304 V.Of Oromo Liberation 9820
1630-1659 3 6 261003 280304 R.Xoriyo/V.Of The Ogadeni People 9820
1600-1659 1 5 261003 280304 V.Of Ethiopian Salvation 9820
0700-0759 1 261003 280304 V.Of Dem.Path To Ethiopian Unity 17655
1830-1929 4 261003 280304 V.Of Dem.Path To Ethiopian Unity 7220
1500-1559 7 261003 280304 V.Of Dem.Eritrea 5925
1700-1759 2 5 261003 280304 V.Of Dem.Eritrea 9820
0900-0959 7 011103 280304 R.Rainbow/Kestedamena 6180
1900-1959 6 011103 280304 R.Rainbow/Kestedamena 11840
1330-1430 1234567 261003 280304 New Horizon Radio 9585
1500-1559 1 7 261003 280304 Radio Rhino Int. 17870
1500-1530 3456 261003 280304 Radio Rhino Int. 17870
(S.Domen-BEL Sep 30, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Schedules - EASTERN EUROPE
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
Freqs changes for Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty:
0100-0300 Kazakh NF 7260, ex 7230
0100-0300 Tajik NF 11655, ex 11660
0200-0300 Russian NF 7170, ex 7255
1000-1100 Russian NF 11725, ex 11875
NF 15460, ex 15145
1400-1500 Armenian NF 9790, ex 11680
1700-1730 Belorussian ADD 1188
1730-1800 Serbian NF 6130, ex 13635
1900-2000 Persian NF 7365, ex 6140
(Observer 273 Sept 19, 2003 via W.Büschel-D for CRW)
RFA cia CIS changed downwards from 13/15 MHz to mostly 7 MHz in
S03-season. Via Dushanbe-TJK on 7540 RFA Mandarin 1500-2200 UT now ex
15680.
(W.Büschel-D Sept 22, 2003 in BCDX 639)
...............................................................
Schedules - ERITREA
Voice of Democratic Eritrea
V.O.Dem.Eritrea via DTK
1500-1559 5925 Sat only
1700-1759 9820 Mon Thu only
(K.Hashimoto-J Sep 28, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Schedules - ETHIOPIA
Radio Xoriyo (Radio Freedom)
R.Freedom via DTK
1630-1659 9820 Tue Fri only
(K.Hashimoto-J Sep 28, 2003 for CRW)
Rainbow Radio
Rainbow R. via DTK
0900-0959 6180 Sat only
1900-1959 11840 Fri only
(K.Hashimoto-J Sep 28, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Democratic Path of Ethiopian Unity
V.O.Dem.Path of Ethiopian Unity via DTK
0700-0759 17655 Sun only
1830-1929 7220 Wed only
(K.Hashimoto-J Sep 28, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Ethiopian Salvation
V.O.Ethiopian Salvation via DTK
1600-1659 9820 Sun Thu only
(K.Hashimoto-J Sep 28, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Oromo Liberation
V.O.Oromo Liberation via DTK
1700-1759 9820 Sun Tue Wed Fri only
(K.Hashimoto-J Sep 28, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Schedules - KURDISTAN
Two main leaders of Kurdish people in Northern Iraq are M.Barzani and J.
Talabani. Their parties "Patriotic Union of Kurdistan" and "Democratic
Front of Kurdistan" broadcast now as OFFICIAL radios, not clandestines
anymore, as "Voice of the People of Kurdistan" 4023 kHz Ku/Ar s-off at
1658 UT, and "Voice of Iraqi Kurdistan" 4085 kHz, Ku/Ar close down time
is different, varies from day to day, like 1825 UT on Saturdays.
(R.Pankov-BUL Sep 14, 2003 in BC-DX 639)
------------xxxxxxxxxx Logs xxxxxxxxxx-------------------------
Logs - ASIA
Radio Free Asia
7380 R. Free Asia (via Mongolia?) 1359-1405. Intr mx to 1400 EG ID "This
is Radio Free Asia. The following program is in Korean" and into talks.
Fair at tune-in and deteriorating.
(J.Wilkins-CO-USA Sep 25, 2003 in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - CHINA
World Falun Dafa Radio
9930 Dafo Hao 1612 checking out this program. Chinese talk some short
English excerpts. No sign of any jamming in Wyoming, wonder if it is
jammed by the Chinese? Richard Lam, can you tell us if the program
content of this one differs from their other broadcasts?
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 30, 2003 in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - CUBA
La Hora de Chibas
9955 La Hora de Chibas I noticed that the jamming wasn't quite blocking
these guys out so I was able to hear their program. Mostly talk, but two
ID's at 0038. WRMI ID when program ended at 0045. Per Jeff White, their
contact details are: Mario Jiménez La Hora de Chibás P. O. Box 451132
Miami, Florida 33245-1132 USA
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 21, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Radio Revista Lux
9955 Radio Revista Lux [not Luz -CRW] the jamming remained low, so I got
this one at 0100. ID's at program sign on and a number of short talks in
Spanish followed. Quite readable for about 9 minutes then faded quite
quickly and pretty hard to read by 0115. Per the Cubapolidata website,
the address for this one is PO Box 451132, Miami, FL 33245-1132.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 21, 2003 in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - ERITREA
Voice of Democratic Eritrea
5925, Voice of Democratic Eritrea, via Juelich, Germany, 1515-1558, Sa
Sep 20, Tigrinya talks about Africa, songs from the Horn of Africa, talk
often mentioning Eritrea (pronounced as "Ertra" in Tigrinya!), more local
songs and a talk about democracy. There was no Arabic programme 1530 as
scheduled. 45444
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 20, 2003 for CRW)
15670 V. of Dem.Eritrea via DTK Sep 22 *1700-1710 25442 Tigrigna, 1700
s/on with opening music. ID and opening announce. Talk and music.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 22, 2003 for CRW)
15670 1717 V.O.Democratic Eritrea fair to strong - nice to hear Africa
Horn music in better quality these days, hi. 1722-1730 Longish polit.
commentary in (Tigrinya) mostly about Palestine.
(F.Krone-DNK Sep 25, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Voice of the Eritrean People
9990, Voice of the Eritrean People, via Kvitsoy, Norway, *1730-1757*, Su
Sep 21, 1729 Merlin I/S, 1730 open carrier, 1732 programme began with
martial music and ID in Tigrinya: "Ezi dmtsi hzbi Ertra eyu". Ethnic song
and ID again, mentioned two wavelengths, news. Ex 7530. 45444
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 21, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Peace and Democracy of Eritrea
6350 Voice of Peace and Democracy of Eritrea 0310 open carrier. 0315
interval signal, good modulation, nice signal. ID mentioning "Democratri
Eritray" in presumed Tigrinya and Kunamigna. // 5500. Long talk by man,
then another man at 0327 with change in language. ID's and slogans at
0352 and back to open carrier. These transmissions are via the 10 kW
Ethiopian transmitters at Mekele. (0357 retune heard with Voice of Tigray
Revolution IS.) Via Javoradio Europe.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 26, 2003 in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - ETHIOPIA
Dejen Radio
12120, Dejen R, via Samara, *1700-1800*, Sa Sep 13, test tones from 1658,
opens with a shouting man and flute, 1702 and 1705 Tigrinya ID's
"...Dejen Radio...", website: www.ehtiopiancommunicator.com which asked
listeners to send money order to : Liberty Bell Communications Inc., P.O.
Box 792, Indianapolis, Indiana 46206, talk about globalisation and the
WTO meeting in Cancun, Horn of Africa (HOA) song, mentioned the VOA,
closed with HOA martial song. 45544
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 13, 2003 for CRW)
12120 Dejen Radio *1700 with music, ID's at 1703. Nice signal via
Javoradio in Europe.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 27, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Radio Justice (Fithi) / Radio Solidarity
Tigrean International Solidarity for Justice and Democracy very strong
and free of interference in Tigray on 12120 kHz with mix of political
programme and lovely African Horn songs. Longish uninterrupted interview
1732-1756 with a Dr. (Bejene) into non-stop song 1756-1801 when off.
(F.Krone-DNK Sep 27, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Radio Xoriyo / Radio Freedom
R Huriyo strong on 15670 kHz from tune-in 1642, many Somalia mentions,
what seemed to be radio theatre 1648. Off at 1700. Fair to strong
(F.Krone-DNK Sep 26, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Voice of Democratic Path of Ethiopian Unity
Unid ? 15565 African Horn music and (seemingly) Amharic Sep 24 1855-1900+
but very weak and no chance to ID. Which is it? Rainbow again here?
(F.Krone-DNK Sep 24, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Per Bierwirth list, it's Voice of Democratic Path of Ethiopian Unity,
Wednesdays 1830-1930, 15565.
(J.Berg-USA Sep 24, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Voice of Ethiopian Medhin / Voice of Ethiopian Salvation
15670 Voice of Ethiopian Salvation, 1600+, September 14. Transmission in
amharic. S/on by male. Music. ID. Talks in vernacular, 34443
(A.L.Slaen et al.-ARG Sep 14, 2003 for CRW)
12120, Voice of Ethiopian Medhin, via Samara, Russia, *1830-1905, Su Sep
21. Carrier was on 1826, 1828 one test tone, 1830 Flute and a man gave ID
in Amharic three times: "Yih Ye Ethiopia Medhin Dimts Now", frequency
ann, Horn of Africa song and news. 45454
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 21, 2003 for CRW)
15670, Voice of Ethiopian Medhin via DTK Jülich, 1641-1659* Sep 21, Horn
of Africa vocals followed by long Amharic talk. More music which was cut
at 1659 in mid-song. Fair.
(R.D'Angelo-PA-USA Sep 21, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
12120 Medhin Radio 1828 with test tones. 1832 with flute IS and ID by
man. This in presumed Amharic. Right into local music. Via javoradio
Europe.
(H.Johnson-WY-USA Sep 28, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Voice of Oromo Liberation
15670, Sagalee Bilisummaa Oromoo, *1700-1724 Sep 21, sudden sign on with
musical opening, man with ID, more music followed by long talk. Fair.
(R.D'Angelo-PA-USA Sep 21, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Was next at 1700 on 15670 kHz with programme of Voice of the Oromo
Liberation, first Oromo news. Mostly talk, local song only at 1727-1730.
Many mentions of 'Oromo'. Fair-.
(F.Krone-DNK Sep 26, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
15670 - Vo Oromo Liberation 9/28 1700-1730 instl, anmt, ID, nx abt
Afghanistan, Sudan, Europe, flutes, some singing
(S.Paszkiewicz-WI-USA Sep 28, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - IRAN
R Farda
Listened to Radio Farda in Farsi (which can also be found on satellite
Telstar) on 9960 kHz 2100-s/off at 2130 with a programme of lovely modern
Iranian songs, and once in a while IDs by male alternatively female. Is
broadcasting in Farsi. Even mentioned www.radiofarda.com (Sep 20. Tnx Dan
F. for site) also 11960 weak at 2105. Site?
(F.Krone-DNK Sep 24, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
1170 kHz, 1800- Radio Farda (VOA) ottimo YL + OM in AA - ID Sotto Radio
Capodistria Alle 2120 c'è ancora.
(S.Micciché-I Sep 24, 2003 in DXlandia-ML)
R International
13800 R.International Sep 22 1632-1650 35333-35322 Farsi, Talk. ID at
1648.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 22, 2003 for CRW)
13800 R. International 1629 Merlin interval signal, 1630 Dire Straits
theme and ID's by man and woman. No sign of any jamming. Via
Javoradio/Europe
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 24, 2003 in CDX-ML)
R Payam-e Doost
7480 R.Payem-e Doost Sep 21 *1800-1810 35333 Farsi, 1800 s/on with
opening music. ID. Talk by woman.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 21, 2003 for CRW)
7480 R Payam-e Doost +1832-1845 sign off. Farsi talk, ment'd Iran, string
music, ment of 'Radio Payam-e Doost' at 1841, longish final ann (class mx
then YL then mx cont'd into YL - but that seemingly did not include
station name.) Off with orchestral 'fanfare'. - Fair. Also Sep 20 -1845*
but then with address given in English at 1843 as P.O.Box 765, Great
Falls, VA 22066, USA. Off 1845
(F.Krone-DNK Sep 24, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
7480 Payam e-Doost *1800 with ID and talk in Farsi by the same woman
announcer I have heard before. via javoradio Europe.
(H.Johnson-WY-USA Sep 28, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Radio Yaran
15790 Radio Yaran, 1710+, September 13, farsi. Long talk by female.
Strong "jamming", 21541
(A.L.Slaen et al.-ARG Sep 13, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Mojahed
7750 kHz, 10.9 0130 Voice of Mojahed in Farsi, mentioned Iran several
times, Iranian music, loud and clear until a jammer started at 0132. S3
(B.Vestesen-DNK Sep 10, 2003 in SWB via T.Nilsson-S/H.Johnson-USA in
CDX-ML)
5690 V. of Mojahed Sep 22 1606-1623 33232 Farsi, Talk. //8840 kHz.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 22, 2003 for CRW)
7750, Voice of Mojahed, 0255-0310, Sep 23, Farsi talk by woman heard //
4640 and 8280, jammed on 4640 and 7750. 33443
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 23, 2003 for CRW)
7750, Voice of Mojahed, *0227-0240, Mo Sep 29, March and Farsi greeting
and ID by man: ”Seda-ye Mojahed, seda-ye Mojahedine Khalq Iran”. A woman
then mentioned Iran, gave frequency ann and news. 35343. Intermittent
jamming began at *0233, then 33343. The audio was
heard // weaker 4640, 5325, 5650 and 8280. The frequencies later jumped
as usual. On Sep 10 this station still started an hour earlier, so their
Summertime probably ended on Su Sep 28.
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 29, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Southern Azerbaijan
9375 V. of South(ern) Azerbaijan R. Sep 22 *1531-1543 23442 Azerbaijan,
1531 s/on with opening music. ID and opening announce. Talk and local
music.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 22, 2003 for CRW)
9375 Voice of Southern Azerbaijan Listed as *1630, untraced via
Javoradio/Europe. Off or new sked?
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 24, 2003 in CDX-ML)
9375 V. of South(ern) Azerbaijan R. Sep 25 *1531-1546 34332-33332
Azerbaijan, 1531 s/on with ID and opening music. Talk.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 25, 2003 for CRW)
V. of South(ern) Azerbaijan : This one was confirmed by the station
originating from Azerbaijan (that would be the Gäncä site). Target is the
northern part of Iran which is populated mainly by ethnic Azeris and
called "South Azerbaijan" by this group and in Azerbaijan.
(B.Trutenau-LTU Sep 28, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Voice of the Communist Party of Iran
4375.8, Voice of the Communist Party of Iran, *1700-1800*, Sep 20 and 21,
Signed on with "Internationale" and closed with a choir of men singing
another socialist song. 1702 Farsi ID by woman: "Seda-ye Hezb-e
Komunist-e Irana" and talk about Iran // 3880.6 (SINPO 25333). At 1708
both frequencies suddenly jumped about 5 kHz down to 4370.8 and 3876.0
and both drifted slightly downwards after that. But at 1757 both were
back on the original frequencies again. I wonder, if these "jumping"
transmitters are the same that are used for the Voice of Mojahed ???
35343
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 20-21, 2003 for CRW)
3880.8v, Voice of the Communist Party of Iran, 1750-1833*, Sep 25, Farsi
ann, songs, 1803 drifted to 3880.9, early sign off with a hymn, 35343 //
4375.8
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 25, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Logs - IRAQ
Radio of the Two Rivers, Radio Mesopotamia, Twin Rivers Radio
1566 kHz, 1810- Wadi al-Rafidayni Radio (Radio Mesopotamia) buono/ottimo
Canzoni in AA - ID: "idahatu wadi al-Rafidayni" (letteralmente: "parla la
Radio dei Due Fiumi" (rafidayni è duale) - YL song AA Anti Saddam Sotto
nenie Nagpur, per ora.
(S.Micciché-I Sep 24, 2003 in DXlandia-ML)
Voice of the Iraqi People
9563v Voice of the Iraqi People Informed sources in the Middle East tell
Cumbre DX that this station is airing a pro Iraqi Governing Council
agenda.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 24, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Voice of Iraqi Poeple
VO Iraqi Poeple/VO Iraqi republic. Monitored on 27/09/2003 at 22:00 UTC
(After the sign off of CRI) on 9568 kHz. Reception suffered from
background noise and fading. I listened to iraqi song, then a program of
6 minutes called "Iraq Of Tomorrow". The purpose of this program is to
make the iraqi poeple aware of how to make Iraq a democratic country.
"...There is no need to have 100 parties to say that Iraq is a democratic
country, 10 parties are enough and so the elections will be much more
efficient...We call the counsel of judgment in Iraq to issue the parties
low..."
(A.Chaabane-TUN Sep 27, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of the Democratic Assyrian Movement, Ashur Radio
Voice of Ashur 9155 tried for this at 1115 on a Javoradio in Europe and
didn't hear a thing. Are they still active or has their schedule changed?
I thought it was 0745-1200 on 9155. Also check at 1600 and found nothing.
I tried the website Zowaa.com but it didn't load.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 24, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Ashur Radio The website of www.zowaa.org still works, but I couldn't find
anything recent on the radio broadcasts. zowaa.com just loads a blank
page on my browser.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 26, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Ashur Radio : On my browser it says: "Zowaa.org has taken a new face to
web designing. Ishtar Web Development & Media Group UPGRADES zowaa.org in
September." Later : Sorry, yes - zowaa.com only loads a blank page,
zowaa.org is under reconstruction.
(B.Trutenau-LTU Sep 28, 2003 in CDX-ML)
---
Unid 1575
On 23 Sep at 2215 tune in I noted a station with continuous EE pop music
on 1575. Rather strong signal, coming possibly from east or south. VOA
Thailand and R Asia were also heard at times under this station. Still
audible at 2335. After some songs there was a male announcer in English,
starting with what sounds like "105", then voice was cut and new song
started. Any ideas?
(J.Savolainen-FIN Sep 24, 2003 in HCDX)
This is probably the Kuwaiti that used to carry Radio Al-Mustaqbal, for
several weeks now just playing continuous music at scheduled Al-Mustaqbal
times, i.e. 1100-1400 & 2130-0030 UTC.
Same story on former Radio Tikrit/Radio Sumer frequency 1584 kHz - just
continuous music in their 1900-2100 slot.
(D.Kernick-G in Sep 24, 2003 in HCDX)
Yes Dave, I guess that is the "CIA" transmitter in Kuwait. Seems they
play music recorded from some FM station (105?) and there are bits of
original announcements audible. Thanks.
(J.Savolainen-FIN Sep 25, 2003 in HCDX)
Al Mustaqbal, SEP 19 0055 - Arabic vocal; good, way over Spain. + SEP 19
2355 possibly this with non-stop US/Euro pops like "Total Eclipse of the
Heart" by Bonnie Tyler. Strong signal.
(M.Connelly*B-MA-USA in HCDX-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - ISRAEL
Voice of the Palestinian Islamic Revolution
11905 Voice of Islamic Palestinian, 2000-2027, September 13, transmission
in arabic. Report, news and talks. S/off at 2027 UTC, 33333
(A.L.Slaen et al.-ARG Sep 13, 2003 for CRW)
La Voie de la révolution Islamique du Palestine sur 3955 khz de 1930 à
2025 UTC SINPO#45444, le 17-09-2003 l'animateur annonce les adresses de
la station qui sont partout dans le monde arabe, un exemple en Syrie: BP
9731 Damas Syrie; téléphone 0098212014717, email: palestine@irib.com .
(M.Kallel-TUN Sep 17, 2003 for CRW)
9610 21/09 0335 Voz da Revolução Islâmica Palestina, locutor enfático em
árabe, menção à 'islamya' e 'Arafat', 45444
(C.Romais-RS-B Sep 21, 2003 in Atividade DX 168)
11875 21/09 0340 Voz da Revolução Islâmica Palestina, marchas
militares, freqüência com interferência da Rádio Havana Cuba, 32332
(C.Romais-RS-B Sep 21, 2003 in Atividade DX 168)
...............................................................
Logs - KOREA (SOUTH)
Voice of National Salvation (not)
Very weak reception on 4450 at 1130, probably Voice of National
Salvation. Cannot give program details, I wasn't going to bother
reporting it but that is all that is being heard at present.
(S.Paszkiewicz-WI-USA Sep 24, 2003 in DX-plorer-ML)
Most probably not Voice of National Salvation since reports said it has
been replaced by 'regular' domestic channels from North Korea.
[M.Schöch-D for CRW]
Yes, I heard on DX Party Line this week that this is KCBS.
(S.Paszkiewicz-WI-USA Sep 29, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Logs - KURDISTAN
Denge Mesopotamia
11530 V. of Mesopotamia Sep 22 1550-1558* 35433 Kurdish, Talk. ID at 1552
and 1553. Music. 1558 s/off.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 22, 2003 for CRW)
Mezopotamian RTV
7560 Mezopotamian Radio and Television (via javoradio Europe) 1705 with
music. ID at 1717 in Kurdish.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 23, 2003 in CDX-ML)
7560 R.TV.Mesopotamia Sep 23 *1700-1710 45333 Kurdish, 1700 s/on with
opening music and ID. Music.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 23, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Iranian Kurdistan
3340 Voice of Iranian Kurdistan, anthem-like song a capello at 0158, then
ID "Iran dengi Kurdistana...", 33433
(A.Prokhorov-RUS Sep 16, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Voice of Iraqi Kurdistan
8170 V. of Iraqi Kurdistan Sep 26 1504-1520 25321 Kurdish, Music and
talk. //4085 kHz(34333).
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 26, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of the Conservative Party of Kurdistan (t)
4161.6, Voice of the Conservative Party of Kurdistan (t), 0245-0315, Sep
29, Kurdish talk about Kurdistan, Iran and Iraq, songs, frequency ann;
strong signal, but bad modulation and drift to 4161.4. 35443. Not heard
since Feb 2003.
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 29, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of the People of Kurdistan
4026.80 V.of The People of Kurdistan (p), 1630-1640, Sep 20, AA talks
with short music inserts, poor
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 20, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
4027.6v, Voice of the People of Kurdistan, 0155-0330 (fade out), Sep 23,
Qur’an recitations, 0200 fanfare, Arabic news about Iraq and Tikrit, Arab
songs; drifting slowly down to 4025.7. 34343
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 23, 2003 for CRW)
4024.43 V. of People of Kurdistan Sep 25 1454-1514 35232 Kurdish and
Arabic, Talk and Kurdish music. 1500 theme music. News. Sep 23 4025.13
kHz. Sep 24 4026.88 kHz. Sep 26 4025.75 kHz.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 25, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Strugglers of Iranian Kurdistan (t)
4250.8, Voice of Strugglers of Iranian Kurdistan (t), *0300-0355 (fade
out), Sep 23, Kurdish ann, Qur’an recitations, mostly talks by a man
about Iran and Iranian Kurdistan, songs, 0347 another man gave ann and
talk in Farsi. Ex 4277 kHz. Later fade out than 4027v which indicate a
more westerly transmitter location. 35343
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 23, 2003 for CRW)
4250.8, Voice of Strugglers of Iranian Kurdistan, *0300-0315, Sep 29,
Kurdish greeting, Qur’an recitations, 0310 a woman gave ID: ”Dangi
Khabati Kurdistan”, frequency ann and talked about Mojahedin, Iraq and
Iran. Seems stable on this frequency, ex 4277. 35343
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 29, 2003 for CRW)
Diverse
Observations noted on Sept 13 maily at 1600-1630 UT in range 3800-4400
kHz:
3880 and 4380 now "Voice of Revolution" in Kurdish, on air earlier at
*1456-1559*.
3925 and 4615 at 1620 carrier only, 1615 IS music from Verdi, 1630 "Voice
of Komala".
3970 "Voice of Iranian Kurdistan", jammed by Iran. Extended program in
Kurdish til 1630 UT. Persian til 1530 UT.
4163 "Voice of ?Independence?" in Ku/Ar, *1545-1655*.
4235 "Voice of Iraqi Toilers" in Ar/Ku, cl-down at various times, in
August at 1825 UT, in September at 1625 UT.
x4265, now moved to 4250, ID like "Voice of Mojahin of Iran", jammed by
Iran. In Pe/Ku/Ar, end at 1656 UT.
(R.Pankov-BUL Sep 14, 2003 in BC-DX 639)
...............................................................
Logs - LAOS
Hmong Lao Radio
Re the brief appearance of Hmong Lao Radio on 15555 via Taiwan --- hardly
surprising that did not last, as HCJB Australia took over that frequency
during same time period 0100+
(G.Hauser-OK-USA Sep 19, 2003 in DXLD 3-168)
...............................................................
Logs - LEBANON
Voice of Freedom / Voice of Free Lebanon
11645 Voice of Free Lebanon untraced for their *1600 via a Javoradio in
Europe. New sked, freq, or off?
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 24, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Voice of Free Lebanon Their website of http://www.rpliban.org/ is no
longer active. If off, it hasn't been too long as there were logs over
the summer.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 26, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Voice of Free Lebanon : The correct website (has daily audio files):
www.tayyar.org/radio/RadioLoubnanAl7oriya/index.htm
It's still in the TDP schedule ("Sawt Lubnan Al-Houriya"):
http://www.airtime.be/schedule.html
(B.Trutenau-LTU Sep 28, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Per Bernd's tip, I checked the
www.tayyar.org/radio/RadioLoubnanAl7oriya/index.htm website. The audio
programs and schedule here are for M-F only, so that is a reduction from
the daily schedule they once had. I looked all over that site but I
cannot find anything giving their current shortwave schedule. I took
another listen at 1600 to 11645 today and heard nothing. They were not
heard on their previous frequency of 11515 either. Sure seems like they
are off to me or on a very different shortwave schedule.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 30, 2003 in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - MIDDLE EAST
Radio Sawa
7185 [MRC] 18/09 0208 Rádio Sawa, árabe, música árabe e pop ocidental,
45444
(S.Cássio Martins-B Sep 18, 2003 in Atividade DX 167)
...............................................................
Logs - NIGERIA
Voice of Biafra International
V. of Biafra International, 7380, Sept 6 2135-2159* tune in to English
talk about Nigeria; some vernacular talk. Many IDs. Mentioned coming from
Washington DC; fair. Some co-channel QRM. Saturday only.
(B.Alexander-PA-USA Sep 6, 2003 in DXLD 3-168)
7380 Voice of Biafra International, 2107+, September 13. English and
vernacular. ID: "This is the Voice of Biafra International comming to you
from Washington....thank you". 44444
(A.L.Slaen et al.-ARG Sep 13, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Logs - SAUDI ARABIA
Voice of Reform
V.of Reform/Al-Islah. Reception was in 10/09/2003 @ 1900 UTC on 15705
kHz. The audio quality is better. The Jamming still exist.
(A.Chaabane-TUN Sep 10, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Logs - SOMALIA
Radio Galkayo
This evening, Sep 17th, I listened at 17.30 on 7335v kHz and found a
station which I think (hope!) is Radio Galkayo, the Puntland Somali
radio! Unfortunately the reception wasn't too good with splash from i e
BBC, but I could record some talk and two songs that I knew the titles
of. A tentative report has been sent to Sam Voron and the station, so
hopefully they can confirm if it was - or if it wasn't - their station I
heard. If not: What was it then? The strength improved untill BBC time
signal started at 17.58.30 and when BBC started with an interval song it
was wiped out. Maybe it also closed half a minute before the hour???
Thrilling thoughts for me anyway!
(B.Fransson-S Sep 17, 2003 in HCDX)
Radio Galkayo (Presumed) heard on drifting new 7335-7333, alternate
female and male chat at around 1725. Audible at scanty S3 peaks,legible a
bit if I engage 545-DSP otherwise signals in general not usable.
(M.Fathi-EGY Sep 17, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Radio Galkayo (presumed) locked carrier on 7334 and few audible peaks,
1719 folk song by male voice , 1728 female chat and what sound like Quran
narration at 1730.
(M.Fathi-EGY Sep 18, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Radio Galkayo heard on 7335,no drifting today,almost sure identification
now as they air narration of Holy Quran 1728-1731 the way they read it in
Puntland.
Signals are generally v.poor, S3~4 at peaks.
(M.Fathi-EGY Sep 18, 2003 in CDX-ML)
7335.00 R.Galkayo, 1645-1710, Sep 20, vernac. talks, anmts, continuous
Horn of Africa music from 1658. No specific ID noted but R.Galkayo
mentioned during the talks. Poor becoming unuseable at 1710. Lots of
atmospheric noise, so not bad for the reported 0,8 kW.
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 20, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Reception of Radio Galkayo yesterday night was very bad. I got a new
letter from Sam Voron (copied), so I hope you all try to listen again
tonight around 1730-1800 on 7335 kHz. Good luck!
"Hello Bjorn, I am from Sydney, Australia. All my details are on the
Somalia call sign list under 6O0A on www.radiogalkayo.com
I will be in Galkayo, North Somalia till 26 Sept and then I will drop
power from the current 800Watts down to 100Watts while I will be away
from Galkayo for all of Octobar when I will run a one month amateur radio
training school in Kismayo, South Somalia before returning to Galkayo on
1 Nov 2003 when I will raise radio galkayo power back to 800Watts AM.
I read your letter last night on air and tonight I will read your new
letter below on the air at 1730UTC Yours is our first report from Sweden
that I can recall.
Yes, let the Somali community know what is happening, I beleive there are
thousands of Somalis in Sweden"
(B.Fransson-S Sep 19, 2003 in HCDX)
Just received e-mail QSL from Sam Voron for my 22 Sep report of R
Galkayo, Somalia on 7335. Yesterday, 23 Sep I couldn't trace the station
at all 1600-1800 and Sam gave explanation for that: "Yesterday our city
power only worked in some areas, not ours, so we used our generator which
means we cannot use our amplifier so we only used 100Watts last night."
(J.Savolainen-FIN Sep 24 in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - SUDAN
Radio Voice of Hope
15320, R Voice of Hope, via Talata/Volondry, Madagascar, 0430-0457*, Su
Sep 28-09, English interview about a Christian Parish in Southern Sudan,
hymns, closed with talking drums, 35444 // 12060 : 25333
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 28, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Freedom and Renewal
6985 Voice of Freedom and Renewal, Voice of New Sudan 0320 with music,
till big clock chimes at 0330. Then multiple ID's in Arabic. Mentioning
that this was their morning broadcast (guess they must be on at other
times as well still). Man then read the news in Arabic. Via Javoradio
Europe. Muddy audio on the Javoradio, but sounds like they were
consistently using the complete above ID, not just the Voice of New Sudan
as they were using for a while. Into what sounded like Juba Arabic or
similar at 0350. I could get a fair amount of words, but just enough
non-Arabic to really throw me.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 30, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Voice of Sudan
Voice of Sudan. Received in Tuesday 10 Sept 2003 at 15:55 UTC. The
frequency was 8000 kHz. Moderate signal with fading. SINPO: 35433. No
jamming noticed. I listened to a sudanese song.
(A.Chaabane-TUN Sep 10, 2003 for CRW)
7999.3 Voice of Sudan 1542 with Arabic talks and local music. Couple of
IDs that sound like "Sawt al Shaab al Sudan". Off at 1556.
(J.Savolainen-FIN Sep 25, 2003 in HCDX))
...............................................................
Logs - SYRIA
The Arabic Radio
12120 Voice of Homeland, 1510+, September 13. Arabic. News or commentary
by female, music. Announcement and talk by same female. 35443
(A.L.Slaen et al.-ARG Sep 13, 2003 for CRW)
12120 Arab R. Sep 22 1506-1520 34443 Arabic, Talk. ID at 1514.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 22, 2003 for CRW)
12120 Arab Radio1500 with ID in Arabic by woman via a Javoradio in
Europe. Much, much weakeron // 12085. Music followed. Slogans and ID's by
same woman at 1527 and 1530*
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 24, 2003 in CDX-ML)
12120 Arab R. Sep 24 1515-1529* 34443 Arabic, Talk and arabic music. ID
at 1527. 1529 s/off.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 24, 2003 for CRW)
12120 Arab Radio via Samara 1514-1530*. Taks in AR, music. Many mentions
of "Arabiyya" in 1528 closing anmt; off at 1530*. VG signal.
(J.Wilkins-Co-USA Sep 28, 2003 in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - UGANDA
Radio Rhino Int Africa
17555 R.Rhino Int.Africa via DTK Sep 11 *1500-1515 31331-32332 English,
1500 s/on with music. ID at 1507 and 1511.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 11, 2003 in JAP 282)
17555 R.Rhino Int.Africa via DTK Sep 14 1505-1559* 33433-34433-24432
English, Talk and music. ID at 1517 and 1521 and 1532. 1558 address
announce. 1559 ID and s/off.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 14, 2003 in JAP 282)
17555 Radio Rhino International, 1500-1510, September 13, english. S/onn.
Music and many identifications: "You are listening to Radio Rhino
International"; "This is Radio Rhino International" & "...... this is the
Voice of Freedom & Democracy". Music. Ann. by male & female. 24432
(A.L.Slaen et al.-ARG Sep 13, 2003 for CRW)
17555 [D] 16/09 1515-1530* Rádio Rhyno International, via Jülich, inglês,
transmissão para Uganda, 'This is Radio Rhyno International' ou 'You're
listening Radio Rhyno Internacional', alguns espaços musicais,
encerramento às 1530, 25322
(S.Cássio Martins-B Sep 16, 2003 in Atividade DX 167)
17555.0 R.Rhino Int., 1502-1520, Sep 20, "If I Had A Hammer" by Trini
Lopez followed by: "Dear listeners, this is your baby Radio Rhino Int.
...", (i.e. still a test transmission). Announced a full regular service
starting on Sep 23. Repeated an anti-apartheid reggae song interrupted by
statements on the situation in Uganda, mainly describing the government
as an "apartheid regime". Quite odd. V.good signal.
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 20, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
17555 Radio Rhino Intl. *1500 with multiple ID's and slogans. Schedule on
website is 1500-1530 Tue-Fri and 1500-1600 Sat/Sun. First day of regular
broadcasts, announcer gave outline. Introduction, music, news, two
topics, music. Topics- education, corruption, tourism, religion, etc.
Then talk by politician, who officially opened the station.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 23, 2003 in CDX-ML)
17555 R.Rhino Int. Africa via DTK Sep 23 1512-1529* 24432 English, Talk.
ID at 1528. 1529 address announce and s/off.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 23, 2003 for CRW)
17555 Radio Rhino International via Jülich *1500-1525 Sept 27 Sign-on
with ID, comments, then 'If I had a Hammer' Pop song. Program consisted
of Speech by Milton Obote on the launch of Radio Rhino In't Africa.
Initially the signal was quite good but quickly deteriorated to poor
level by 1525.
(E.Kusalik-ON-CAN Sep 27, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - VIETNAM
Chan Troi Moi
15775 Chan Troi Moi Sep 12 *1330-1337 35322 Vietnamese, 1330 s/on with
opening music. ID. Song. ID. Talk.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 12, 2003 in JAP 282)
15775 Chan Troi Moi 1358-1429* Program of Vietnamese talks, pertaining to
Vietnam. Frequency was in the clear till 1420 till another station
dominated the frequency in Italian. Noted till finally ID at 1427,
orchestra fanfare, brief comments by male speaker and sign-off.
(E.Kusalik-ON-CAN Sep 28, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Degar Voice
7380 Degar Voice 1259-1331. OC to 1300, then opening instrumental music.
At 1302, M ancr mentioning, in EG, "Montagnard Foundation Incorporation"
a couple of times. Couldn't tell if the entire opening anmt was in EG or
just those words. Thought I heard "Degar Voice" in EG, also. Then M went
into lang. w/long talk to 1326; xmsn ended with same intrumental music;
xmsn end 1329, carrier off 1331. Fair/good signal with almost
unnoticeable siren jammer in background and occasional Ute chatter.
(J.Wilkins-CO-USA Sep 25, 2003 in CDX-ML)
Que Huong R
9930 - HAWAII Que Huong R presumed. Planned on checking at 1300 for this
but was already in progress at 1245. Shortly before 1300 hrd ment of
Vietnam. Next a gong and a woman singing, anmts.
(S.Paszkiewicz-WI-USA Sep (22-26?) in DXplorer-ML)
Voice of Khmer Krom Radio
15660 Khmer Krom Radio (non) checking for this one today at 1450 and only
heard a
station in Arabic on the frequency.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 23, 2003 in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Logs - WESTERN SAHARA
National Radio of the Arab-Saharan Democratic Republic
7460.3 Polisario Front, Rabuni site, well audible today 23 Sept 2102 and
still on at nearly 2145; their static-plagued signal was 35432 at the
beginning whereas much improved around 2125, when I supposed it would be
blocked by RAI like yesterday 22nd, but no, Rabuni is still alone on the
QRG.
Shortly after 2100, I'd say lang. was Berber (I believe they still use it
at times, like Castillian too), with a few talks, trad. tunes+songs, then
Arabic & modern songs being played right now. Needless to say condx
improved as compared to yesterday, so I tried Tindouf 1550 kHz, but
nothing detected apart from the (re-activated?) Moroccan jammer putting a
very weak signal; normally, MRC's jammer would cause a lot of splash over
1548 plus a strong het. With the strongest Eur stn on 1548 (London's
Capital Gold) all the year round, but not for quite some time now. Well,
Rabuni's on a dive again, with heavier static spoiling a short-lived
signal improvement.
(C.Goncalves-POR Sep 23, 2003 in BC-DX 639)
...............................................................
Logs - ZIMBABWE
SW Radio Africa
4880 SW R.Africa Sep 13 1845-1900 34333 English, Talk. 1851 address
announce. Music.
(Ko.Hashimoto-J Sep 13, 2003 in JAP 282)
4880, Short Wave R Africa, via Talata/Volondry ?, 1820-1900*, Sep 14,
English talks to Zimbabweans, CWQRM 33333
(A.Petersen-DNK Sep 14, 2003 for CRW)
---
17895 Studio 7 (VOA Service to Zimbabwe) 1730 fair signal, ID's and
music. News about bad inflation in Zimbabwe.
(H.Johnson-WY-USA Sep 24, 2003 in CDX-ML)
------------xxxxxxxxxx QSL Verifications xxxxxxxxxx------------
Qsl's - ETHIOPIA
Voice of Ethiopia
7520, Voice of Ethiopia verified with a full data Transmitter
Documentation Project card, QSL #259, in 186 days from v/s Ludo Maes.
(R.D'Angelo-PA-USA Sep 20, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
...............................................................
Qsl's - KURDISTAN
Denge Mezopotamia
Denge Mezopotamia I received a full-data (except site) card from Ludo
Maes at TDP verifying reception of Denge Mezopotamia on 15,675 kHz. in 9
months. Via Tashkent? (W.Craighead-KS-USA Sep 15, 2003 for CRW)
Denge Mezopotamya, 11530, full data card via TDF in 16 weeks; v/s Ludo
Maes.
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 25, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Mesopotamian RTV
12115, Mesopotamian Radio and Television verified with a full data
Transmitter Documentation Project card, QSL #198, in 331 days from v/s
Ludo Maes.
(R.D'Angelo-PA-USA Sep 20, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Mezopotamian R&TV, 7560, full data card via TDF in 20 weeks: v/s Ludo
Maes.
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 25, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
...............................................................
Qsl's - MIDDLE EAST
Radio Sawa
R. Sawa via Wooferton [G], 11785, full data e-mail verie in 4 days.
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 25, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
R. Sawa via Lampertheim [D], 7175, full data e-mail verie in 8 days.
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 25, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
R. Sawa via Kavala [GRC], 7105, full data e-mail verie in 6 days.
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 25, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
R. Sawa relay [MRC], 12010, full data e-mail verie in 14 hours.
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 25, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
R. Sawa via Iranawila [CLN], 13870, full data e-mail verie in 1 day.
(V.Korinek-AFS Sep 25, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
...............................................................
Qsl's - NIGERIA
Voice of Biafra International
Voice of Biafra International Received a full-data (except site) card
from Ludo Maes at TDP verifying reception of Voice of Biafra
International on 12,125 kHz. in 18 months. Presumed via Samara.
(W.Craighead-KS-USA Sep 15, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Qsl's - SOMALIA
Radio Galkayo
Today I am even more excited! I got a very nice and rapid e-mail from Sam
Voron and I want you all to share my happiness and joy. Please try to
listen tonight, and if you hear his message, please tell me!
"Hello Bjorn, CONGRATULATIONS YOU HAVE RECEIVED RADIO GALKAYO.
QSL-QSL-QSL
All your details in the letter below are correct!
In fact I was the DJ from 1730 to 1759UTC. I will be reading your letter
on air today and will also sing the national anthem near the beginning
because I know you have poor reception near our sign off.
There is no postal service here so will keep in touch via the shortwave
broadcast to you.
You will see a new Somalia amateur radio access point with lots of info
about what I am doing here on www.radiogalkayo.com
Great to meet a fellow radio lover!
Regards, Sam Voron"
(B.Fransson-S Sep 19, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Qsl's - VIETNAM
Chan Troi Moi
15775, Chan Troi Moi (prgm), card with "CTM" and antenna on front,
full-data (sans site) on back. Address on card is same that I used:
Correspondence Section, Radio CTM, P.O. Box 48, Nishi Yodogawa, Osaka
555, Japan; but card was mailed from Sacramento. In 5 mos. for CD rpt.
(J.Berg-MA-USA Sep 20, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Degar Voice
7380 Radio of the Voice of the Degar People via Chita, e-mail thankyou
note from v/s Kok Ksor, President of the Montagnard Foundation Inc (MFI).
He says he usually presents the program which is produced by MFI and in
turn which is financed by the Transnational Radical Party of which he is
a General Council member. There is a connection, though unclear, with
Radicale Radio in Italy, plus with an unnamed HQ in London (Merlin?)
which Kok Ksor contacts in case of reception problems. Reply in 16 hours
from degar@montagnard-foundation.org
(D.Foster-AUS (?) Sep 28, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Quê Huong Radio
Quê Huong Radio I received a full-data (except site) card from Ludo Maes
at TDP verifying reception of Quê Huong Radio on 9,930 kHz. in 15 months.
Via KWHR, Hawaii.
(W.Craighead-KS-USA Sep 15, 2003 for CRW)
Voice of Khmer Krom
I received full-data (except sites) cards from Ludo Maes at TDP verifying
reception of this program on 15,660 kHz. in 14 months and 11,985 in 19
months with follow-up reports. Ludo refers to it as Voice of Khmer
Kampuchea while the direct verification I received previously calls it
Voice of Khmer Krom. Presumed via Vladivostok.
(W.Craighead-KS-USA Sep 15, 2003 for CRW)
...............................................................
Qsl's - ZIMBABWE
SW Radio Africa
SW Radio Africa 4880 kHz verified with a det. card in 23 days. 1 US-$ for
RP. QTH: SW Radio Africa Ltd., P.O.Box 243, Borehamwood, Herts WD6 4WA,
UK. v/s S. Surrey (?), Technical Manager.
(P.Robic-AUT Aug 2003 for CRW)
------------xxxxxxxxxx Miscellaneous xxxxxxxxxx----------------
Misc - COLOMBIA
The October 6 issue of "U.S. News & World Report" has a very disturbing
piece on the Chevez regime in Venezuela and its increasing involvement
with Cuba, Colombia, terrorism, drugs, etc. At one point the article
notes that FARC's main camp is in the Perija mountains, near the Indian
village of Resumidero. A FARC clandestine radio station (La Voz de la
Resistencia" ?) is reported to be located 30 miles from Resumidero on the
Venezuelan-Colombian border.
(G.Dexter-USA Sep 30, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
Hi Gerry, Think the transmitter for an earlier Colombian anti government
rebel stations was DF'ed as close to the Venezuelan border in the late
1980's.
(R.Wilkner-USA Sep 30, 2003 in DXplorer-ML)
...............................................................
Misc - CUBA
From DXLD 3-166: "Are the upcoming TV Martí direct satellite broadcasts
from such eastern geostationary orbits? (Glenn Hauser, DX LISTENING
DIGEST)"
Doubtful. If it is necessary to mount an antenna on a tower in order to
see a satellite close to the horizon, it would be necessary for all
receiving locations in Cuba to also be mounted on high vantage points to
see those satellites. It makes little sense for the USA to send TV Martí
via satellites that are so low on the horizon because the main advantage
of DSB is that it can be received via small dishes which can be hidden to
terrestrial viewers like government inspectors. 18 inch DBS antennas in
Cuba can be pointed at near-vertical angles if thebroadcasting satellite
is located around 80 degrees West Longitude. Such high angles allow
antennas to be disguised as bird baths or hidden in garbage cans.
If these antennas were designed to jam the downlink frequencies of the TV
Martí service, they would not be parabolic dishes but rather antennas
with broader beamwidth. They would not be pointed to the east but at
population areas.
If these antennas are for jamming, they are most likely aimed at
satellites serving the Middle East. Geosync satellites can be seen at up
to 81 degrees of longitudinal separation from the subsatellite longitude.
Palma Soriano appears to be at about 76 degrees West Longitude. So an
antenna here could theoretically see a geosync satellite located as far
east as about 5 degrees East Longitude.
Palma Soriano is not located in "easternmost Cuba." In fact, Palma
Soriano is about 100 kilometers west of the US Guantánamo naval base. If
these antennas were used to jam satellites near the horizon, it would
seem to be a good economic trade off to locate these antennas at the
eastern tip of Cuba around 74 degrees West Longitude rather than on high
buildings at 76 degrees West Longitude.
If one hypothesizes they are for interception of communications from
Guantánamo, why not place the antennas closer to the base?
Palma Soriano is capable of seeing all of the Atlantic Ocean satellites
from near ground level. It is my understanding the jamming of the
programs targeting Iran were on the uplink to the Atlantic Ocean relay
satellites, not the uplink to the satellite(s) serving Iran. There would
be no reason to mount 6 meter antennas on buildings to accomplish that
mission.
(J.Buch-DE-USA Sept 16, 2003 in DXLD 3-167)
This article has a vague reference to new shortwave broadcasts... any
ideas?
http://edition.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/americas/09/18/dissidents.cuba.reut/
East Europe dissidents to support Cuban opposition
PRAGUE, Czech Republic (Reuters) --A group of former east European
dissidents launched on Thursday an initiative to help root out Cuba's
communist government, a system they fought to dismantle in their own
countries.
Former Czech President Vaclav Havel, Poland's Lech Walesa and Arpad
Goencz of Hungary, all anti-communist dissidents who rose to presidency
in the 1990s, published a statement in regional newspapers saying the
time has come to support the Cuban opposition.
"Today it is the responsibility of the democratic world to support
representatives of the Cuban opposition irrespective of how long the
Cuban Stalinists still manage to cling to power," the joint statement
said.
"The Cuban opposition must experience the same international support as
the representatives of political dissent did in the up to recently
divided Europe."
Havel, who was jailed for almost four years in Communist Czechoslovakia,
and others also set up the International Committee for Democracy in Cuba.
The committee said in a statement on Thursday its foundation was timed to
mark the six-month anniversary of Fidel Castro's latest crackdown on
opposition on the Carribean island.
The Cuban government arrested and sentenced for up to 28 years 75
dissidents in March, the most severe strike in decades. The wave of
repression was aimed against the 2002 Varela Project, a petition for
peaceful reforms.
The Prague-based committee also includes former United States Secretary
of State Madeleine Albright, who was born in the former Czechoslovakia,
and statesmen and dissidents from across Eastern Europe.
The committee said it wanted to support political prisoners, journalists
and various civil society groups and also plans to launch Cuban newscasts
over short-wave radios through stations in the Czech Republic, Spain and
the Netherlands.
The Czech government and civil groups have been supporting Cuban
opposition for several years. Castro's government arrested former finance
minister Ivan Pilip and a colleague for a month in 2001 after they met
dissidents in Cuba.
(CNN Sep 18, 2003 via U.R.Fleming-USA in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Misc - ERITREA
BEHAVIOUR OF OPPOSITION RADIO ON 21 SEPTEMBER
Please note that the Eritrean opposition radio, Voice of the Eritrean
People, did not carry news items on 21 September, saying that it did not
have any.
Source: BBC Monitoring research in English 21 Sep 03 (BBCM via DXLD
3-170)
...............................................................
Misc - GREAT BRITAIN [HISTORY]
BBCM radio special
BBC Radio 4 has a special broadcast entitled
"The Archive Hour: Listening To The War: The Birth of BBC Monitoring"
Program details:
"During WWII, the BBC recruited linguistically able German Jews to act as
monitors of Radio Moscow and Radio Berlin. Thus the BBC's powerful
Monitoring Service was born, which listens in to almost every radio and
TV station on the planet. This gripping documentary will appeal to anyone
who loves Robert Harris' 'Enigma'."
Program airs September 20 from 1600-1700 UTC and should be available
online at
http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/aod/radio4.shtml
(A.Quaglieri-USA Sep 18, 2003 for CRW)
A much fuller description of the Programme appears on
www.bbc.co.uk/radio4 go to Whats On, on Left hand Side, click this and
then Day List on Right Hand Box,. to Saturday, Scroll Up till you find it
2000 Hrs (24 Hour Clock).
Ken Fletcher / 17th/18th September 2003
20:00 The Archive Hour
Listening To The War - The Birth Of BBC Monitoring.
Lesley Chamberlain explores the origins and birth of the BBC's monitoring
service based on the rich archive of documentary materials, concentrating
on the remarkable personal stories of those who listened. Featuring
interviews with ex-monitors Sir Ernst Gombrich, Professor of Art History,
author of 'The Story of Art', Vladimir Rubinstein, broadcaster and
political analyst, Lord George Weidenfeld, publisher, Ewald Osers,
translator and BBC archives of wartime broadcasts.
With the outbreak of war, the BBC hastily set up a Monitoring Service to
listen to
domestic radio broadcasts in Germany and Russia. It was realised that
radio as never before was a vital tool in understanding the enemy's
strategy and movements. Oliver Whitley, a bright BBC recruit, duly
commandeered a double-decker bus to take a skeleton team to a secret
location - a country house near Evesham owned by a Mrs Smith.
The human situation in particular was a triumph of duty over personal
anxiety. Many of this first team had fled from Hitler so listening to
crackly reports of explosions, troop movements and speeches by the Fuhrer
certainly was an unenviable task.
Rapidly the service became indispensable, producing huge digests of news
for London every day, and an expanded typing pool.
What the team had to offset their gloom is the unexpected camaraderie of
life at Mrs Smith's: the make-do technology (earphones with leads long
enough for them to play table-tennis on the floor below), fruit and
vegetables from the Vale of Evesham, snow, bicycles, strange billets in
surrounding villages, friendship and love. Thus when the BBC decided to
move Monitoring to another location they were in uproar!
(K.Fletcher-G Sep 17/18 in BDXC-UK-ML via W.Büschel-D)
The correct time for this is 1900-2000 UTC, 2000-2100 BST.
Program airs September 20 from 1900-2000 UTC and should be available
online at http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/aod/radio4.shtml
(K.Fletcher-G Sep 17/18 in BDXC-UK-ML via W.Büschel-D)
...............................................................
Misc - IRAN
ANONYMIZER MAKES THE INTERNET A SAFER PLACE FOR IRANIAN CITIZENS ---
Source: Anonymizer(R), Inc. 9/12/03
http://www.payvand.com/news/03/sep/1068.html
SAN DIEGO, Sept. 11 /PRNewswire/ -- Anonymizer®, Inc., a leading provider
of anonymous Web surfing and online privacy protection, today announced
new anti-censorship Web proxy services in Iran, enabling people to bypass
government filtering and access information sources, including political
and religious content. Currently, about two million citizens in Iran have
Web access. Anonymizer has provided similar services to other countries,
including China, with extremely
positive results.
Iranian government officials blacklist forbidden sites that, for instance
due to political and religious content, are considered dangerous. The
United States International Broadcasting Bureau http://www.ibb.gov is
funding the effort in their partnership with Anonymizer to utilize their
core technology.
The way it works is that Anonymizer sends bulk e-mails and daily
newsletters to the Iranian citizens addresses that are provided by human
rights organizations. The IBB, in support of the Voice Of America Persian
Service http://www.voanews.com and Radio Farda http://www.radiofarda.com
are sponsoring the effort to provide this easily accessible service. The
generic URLs for the anti-censorship services are publicized over the
Radio Farda and VOA Persian broadcasts. The URLs are changed when they
become blocked by the Iranian Government, so that Iranian citizens can
continue to get unfiltered, unblocked local and world news.
"The links to the service provided within the emails point to either the
VOA or Radio Farda sites, but they can go anywhere on the Internet," said
Ken Berman, program manager for Internet Anti-censorship activities at
the IBB. "Dissident sites, religious sites, the L.L. Bean catalog -- they
are free to explore the Internet as they wish, in an unfettered fashion."
"By providing a means for these people to visit the sites that are
blocked by their government while remaining anonymous, we're making the
Internet a safer place as well as offering the freedoms that they should
be afforded," said Lance Cottrell, president and founder of Anonymizer.
"This project brings forth the full potential of the Internet bringing
free speech and democracy to the world." For more information and to
speak with a company representative about this story, please call Paula
Dunne at 408-776-1400 or email at paula@contosdunne.com
(Payvand's Iran News via J.Dybka-USA in DXLD 3-164)
...............................................................
Misc - IRAQ
Shi'i radio reports launch of Iraqi broadcasting corporation
Text of report by Iraqi Shi'i group's Iran-based radio station Voice of
the Mujahidin on 16 September
It has been announced in Baghdad and London that a [word indistinct]
radio and television corporation, called IBC, has been established. The
corporation includes Iraqi investors and media experts. Shahlah Husayn, a
spokesman for the corporation, yesterday said that the new Iraqi IBC is
targeted at Iraqi viewers and listeners through round-the-clock local and
satellite television transmissions.
Among the principles adopted by the corporation is not to side with any
group, party, sect, religion, [word indistinct] and to be open to all
cultures and faiths. The spokesman noted that offices in the Iraqi
cities, Europe and the Arab world will team up to present the first
professional television programme [words indistinct].
Source: Voice of the Mujahidin, in Arabic 0700 gmt 16 Sep 03 (BBCM Sep
16, 2003)
Iraq: Radio Freedom resumes broadcasting
Text of report by Iraqi Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) newspaper
Al-Ittihad on 30 September
After an interruption of several weeks due to technical problems, Freedom
Radio [Arabic: idha'at al-hurriyah] resumes broadcasting to its
listeners.
While apologizing for this long interruption, the station resumes
broadcasting in a new format as regards broadcast time and quality of
output.
Freedom Radio will resume transmission on Wednesday 1 October 2003 from
0830-1730 [local time]. The station will broadcast on 96 MHz, FM.
Source: Al-Ittihad, Baghdad, in Arabic 30 Sep 03 (BBCM Sep 30, 2003)
...............................................................
Misc - KURDISTAN
Kurds in Europe discuss radio broadcasting
http://www.kurdmedia.com/reports.asp?id=1649
(via A.Sennit-HOL Sep 22, 2003 for CRW)
KURDISH BROADCASTERS MEET IN GERMANY
A conference of Kurdish broadcasters has been held in Gelsenkirchen,
Germany, reports the Turkish newspaper Yeniden Ozgur Gundem. The
conference was designed to exchange ideas and encourage closer
cooperation between the stations. Those present included Brussels-based
Denge Mezopotamya, Radio Mezopotamya from Linz, Austria, as well as three
local Kurdish stations in Germany: Radiostan from Marburg, Denge Welat
from Stuttgart, and Denge Kurdistan from Freiburg. Mirhem Yigit of Denge
Mezopotamya, which broadcasts on shortwave 12 hours a day, said that
despite the emergence of various Kurdish satellite TV channels, radio
remains important. He said the goal of Denge Mezopotamya is to be a
national radio. Local broadcasters present expressed their concern that
financial difficulties are hampering
their efforts, and lead to a high turnover of staff. They urged Kurdish
organizations to give sufficient importance to radio broadcasting
(R Netherlands Media Network Sep 22, 2003 via DXLD 3-170)
...............................................................
Misc - MEXICO
MEXICO. FARMERS TAKE 'WAR OF IDEAS' TO CANCUN
John Vidal | Cancun 12 September 2003 12:45
http://www.mg.co.za/Content/l3.asp?ao=20409
Up to 10 000 of the poorest Mexican farmers and trade unionists marched
on the World Trade Organisation's (WTO) opening meeting this week,
demanding that small farmers be protected from international big business
and that trade rules should not determine issues of food and health.
Police used tear gas to repel flag-burning demonstrators from a security
fence at kilometre zero, where more than 1 000 heavily armed police and
army were waiting with riot shields behind 2m-high fences.
American flags were set alight and hurled at the riot police along with
other missiles. One man was seriously injured and 20m of the barrier was
broken down by a mixture of militants and protesters.
"We come peacefully. This is a war of ideas, and not weapons,'' said
Juan, a Mexican peasant.
The march, led by Mexicans from the Yucatan peninsula near Cancun, and
joined by groups from more than 30 countries, "would have been 10 times
the size if local people had been able to afford to come'', said a
spokesman for Via Campesino, an umbrella body representing millions of
farmers worldwide.
Protesters were buoyed by messages of support from the clandestine but
influential Zapatista group, which runs one-third of neighbouring Chiapas
state. Messages from three of their leaders were broadcast on a pirate
radio station set up for the conference.
Sub comandante Marcos, one of the Zapatista leaders, said that he hoped
that the WTO's "train of globalisation'' would be derailed in Cancun.
"This is a world war of the powerful who want to turn the planet into a
private club. We are the immense majority. The globalisation of those
above us is a global machine that feeds off blood.''
Sub comandantes Marcos, Esther and David urged people to reject the
development models being offered by the WTO, to disobey governments, and
make protest as global as financial capital.
The three speeches were considered significant because the Zapatistas
lead the international protests against the "neo-liberal" policies of
rich countries, and have considerable political and intellectual stature
around the world.
"They have not spoken for four years to an international audience. It
will play very well with the grassroots, the students and
intellectuals,'' said commentator Luis Navarro. -
(Guardian Newspapers 2003 Sep 12, 2003 via J.Dybka-USA MSIS in DXLD
3-168)
...............................................................
Misc - MIDDLE EAST
New Survey Numbers Confirm Radio Sawa's Growth and Popularity in the
Middle East
From: http://www.payvand.com/news/03/sep/1162.html
Washington, D.C., September 25, 2003 - Radio Sawa, the U.S.
Government-funded Arabic language station, is the leading international
broadcaster in all Middle Eastern countries surveyed, according to an
ACNielsen report released today.
The station also scores high as a reliable source of news and is popular
with all social classes, the survey said.
The survey, conducted in five countries in July and August 2003, showed
that Radio Sawa, launched in March 2002, has an average listenership of
31.6 percent among the general population 15 years and older. Listener
rates in five countries were: Egypt 10.6 percent; Jordan, 30.4 percent;
Kuwait, 39.5 percent; Qatar, 40.8 percent and United Arab Emirates (UAE),
36.6 percent.
"The success of Radio Sawa reminds us that a significant number of young
Arabs will listen," said Kenneth Y. Tomlinson, chairman of the
Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG), which oversees all U.S.
international, nonmilitary broadcasting. "Just as people the world over,
Arab citizens want accurate news and provocative current affairs
programming," he said. "The truth will out."
Added Norman J. Pattiz, chairman of the BBG's Middle East Committee:
"Radio Sawa proves beyond a doubt that a radio station funded by the
taxpayers of the United States, providing accurate, reliable and credible
news and information, can attract a huge listening audience in the Middle
East."
Pattiz, a driving force behind the creation of Radio Sawa, said, "By
using proven 21st Century Western broadcasting techniques, Sawa is the
foremost example of 'marrying the mission to the market,' the primary
focus of the BBG's strategic plan."
The survey also showed Radio Sawa:
Has achieved market dominance - an average 42 percent listenership - in
the important age group between 15-29 in countries where it is broadcast
on local FM stations. Egyptian listeners can only receive Radio Sawa on
medium wave (AM). (Listening rates by country are: Egypt 20.5 percent;
Jordan 40.5 percent; Kuwait 47.7 percent; Qatar 51.6 percent and UAE 49.8
percent.)
Attracts an older audience as well as a young audience, with 22.5 percent
of listenership among the general population over 30. (Egypt 2.9 percent;
Jordan 19 percent; Kuwait 34.3 percent; Qatar 29.3 percent; UAE 26.8
percent.)
Is popular among all social classes, with listening rates of 34.6 percent
among "elite" listeners, upper social and economic classes including
managers and well-educated professionals. (Listening rates are: Egypt 14
percent; Jordan 51 percent; Kuwait 25.8 percent; Qatar 39.8 percent; UAE
39.6 percent.)
Is considered a reliable source of news and information by 73 percent of
its weekly listeners. (Egypt 87 percent; Jordan 56 percent; Kuwait 84
percent; Qatar 75 percent; UAE 63 percent.)
Radio Sawa's audience has a more positive view of the United States than
the general population. When asked, "How favorably or unfavorably
inclined are you personally towards the United States," 39.3 percent of
Radio Sawa listeners replied, "Very or somewhat favorable." That compares
with 27.3 percent of the general population.
The poll has a margin of error of plus or minus 2.9 percent. ACNielsen
conducted the field work for InterMedia, which serves as the BBG's
general
research contractor.
Respondents were questioned in face-to-face interviews in Arabic. Some
5,737 people over the age of 15 participated in the survey, which was
divided between men and women representative of key demographic groups in
terms of social class, education, employment, size and type of household.
Radio Sawa, a 24-hour, seven-days-a-week Arabic-language network,
broadcasts objective, balanced, up-to-the minute news and news analysis
combined with an upbeat mix of the best Western and Arabic pop music. The
station also broadcasts interviews, opinion pieces, sports, and features
on a wide variety of political and social issues. Radio Sawa
(www.radiosawa.com) originates its programming from Washington and Dubai
and is broadcast across the region, using a combination of medium wave
(AM) and FM transmitters, digital audio satellite, short wave and
Internet.
Radio Sawa currently has five customized 24/7 programming streams
(Egypt-Levant, The Gulf, Iraq, Morocco, and Jordan/West Bank). Late in
2003, Radio Sawa plans to launch a sixth stream for Sudan.
The BBG is an independent federal agency which supervises all U.S.
government-supported non-military international broadcasting, including
the Voice of America (VOA), Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL);
Radio Free Asia (RFA); Radio and TV Martí, Radio Sawa and Radio Farda.
The services broadcast in 65 languages to over 100 million people around
the world in 125 markets.
Nine members comprise the BBG, a presidentially appointed body. Current
governors are Chairman Kenneth Y. Tomlinson, Joaquin Blaya, Blanquita W.
Cullum, D. Jeffrey Hirschberg, Edward E. Kaufman, Robert M. Ledbetter,
Jr., Norman J. Pattiz and Steven Simmons. Secretary of State Colin L.
Powell serves as an ex officio member.
(payvand.com Sep 25, 2003 via U.Fleming-USA in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Misc - NEPAL
MAOISTS LAUNCH FM RADIO STATION ACROSS NEPAL |
Text of report by Nepalnews.com web site on 13 September
Maoists are launching FM radio station, namely Jana-awaj, across the
country and also in Kathmandu Valley from next week onwards, a published
report said Saturday [13 September]. The FM (frequency modulation) radio
will have three broadcast stations inside Nepal, a news report in
Rajdhani daily said, quoting undisclosed Maoist sources. The radio can be
heard at 95.1 megahertz in any of the general FM radio sets found in the
market, said the report. "The radio will air all activities of Maoists,
voices from the villages and news of international revolutionaries, among
others." A "test transmission" of FM radio in Swargadwari of Pyuthan and
Rolpa [both in mid-western region] was clearly heard in the area, the
report said, quoting locals.
Source: Nepalnews.com web site, Kathmandu, in English 13 Sep 03 (via BBCM
via DXLD 3-164)
Nepal: "Maoists" on FM
Text of report by Nepalnews.com web site on 19 September
Maoists have started FM broadcasts from an unknown place in Bara,
Annapurna Post said. The transmission was heard clearly Tuesday [16
September] east of the district.
The broadcast was heard in Sapahi, Kohalbi, Rampurba and adjoining
villages on 95.1 MHz
Source: Nepalnews.com web site, Kathmandu, in English 19 Sep 03 (BBCM Sep
19, 2003)
...............................................................
Misc - SAUDI ARABIA
Voice of Reform
15705 MIRA A Saudi who had called in to this station and gave his name
and address over the air has been arrested in Saudi Arabia. The story
seems to indicate that he also made anti-Saudi government statements over
the station. This per an AP story.
(H.Johnson-USA Sep 24, 2003 in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Misc - UGANDA
RRIA: Two German-language reports aired on their FM slot on Sep. 3 and
12, respectively, are posted together with some of the stuff transmitted
on shortwave at http://www.radiorhino.org/htm_material/listen_to.htm
(K.Ludwig-D Sep 21, 2003 in DXLÖD 3-169)
Former President Obote Launches Oppostion Radio
The Monitor (Kampala), September 26, 2003
By Alex B. Atuhaire, Kampala
http://allafrica.com/stories/200309260062.html
DP's Semogerere spoke too
Former President Milton Obote spoke on Tuesday night at the launch of a
short wave radio by exiled Ugandans living in Germany.
Mr Obote was hosted for an hour by Mr Godfrey Ayoo, the Director of Radio
Rhino International Africa (RRIA).
Obote made a 30-minute speech, which marked the official launch of the
radio based in the Germany capital, Berlin.
His speech was still being relayed on Wednesday. The radio broadcasts on
17.555 short wave frequency.
Obote, the President of the Uganda People's Congress (UPC) and twice
deposed by the army, has been living in exile in Zambia since 1985.
In his speech, Obote as usual, took a swipe at President Yoweri
Museveni's regime. He said the regime has committed several human rights
violations.
The veteran politician also criticised the way Museveni is handling the
Joseph Kony insurgency in northern Uganda.
He said "Operation Iron Fist" is a total failure. Obote alleged that
thousands of people have been massacred in the name of executing the
operation.
He said RRIA would help UPC expose the sins of Museveni's government.
The station also hosted Democratic Party President, Dr Paul Kawanga
Ssemogerere on Wednesday evening.
Ssemogerere criticised Cabinet's proposal to have the presidential term
limit removed.
The proposals were presented to the Constitutional Review Commission on
Tuesday.
Ayoo, a Ugandan political activist who has lived in exile since 1986,
said the radio, would give an alternative view on the politics in Uganda.
RRIA broadcasts in English from 6-6:30 p.m. on weekdays and from 6 a.m.
to 7 p.m. on weekends. The station's signal is received in east, central
and parts of South Africa.
(The Monitor Sep 26, 2003 via U.Fleming-USA in CDX-ML)
...............................................................
Misc - USA
UNITED PATRIOT RADIO - ANDERSON SENTENCED TO 15 YEARS ON WEAPONS CHARGES
"He is sorry for the things he said on his short-wave radio program,
which caused a great deal of alarm..."
From The Associated Press
http://www.heraldtribune.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20030912/APN/309121017
LONDON, Kentucky. -- Steve Anderson, a former militia member who shot a
deputy sheriff's cruiser and eluded capture for more than a year, was
sentenced to 15 years in prison on Friday.
Anderson, 55, of Pulaski County, pleaded guilty in May to various federal
firearms charges, including illegal possession of a machine gun, carrying
and firing a gun during a crime of violence and possessing unregistered
firearms.
He was sentenced before U.S. District Judge Danny Reeves.
As Anderson was driving home from a gathering of white supremacists in
North Carolina in October 2001, he was pulled over in Bell County by
deputy sheriff Scott Elder because of a broken taillight. Elder saw
ammunition in the truck and asked whether Anderson had guns with him.
Anderson then riddled the deputy's cruiser with at least 20 bullets.
Elder was not hurt and shot back before Anderson drove into the hills of
eastern Kentucky.
When police searched Anderson's home after the shooting, they found
illegal weapons, including a machine gun and silencer, a sawed-off rifle,
two homemade bombs and 25 fragmentation grenades, according to a federal
indictment.
Federal agents arrested Anderson in Cherokee County, N.C. in November
2002. A tipster called investigators after Anderson appeared on the
television show "America's Most Wanted."
Anderson was once a member of the Kentucky State Militia. The
organization said it dismissed Anderson because he made inflammatory
comments about the U.S. government, blacks, Jews and immigrants over an
unlicensed radio station he operated from his Pulaski County home.
David Tapp, Anderson's attorney, told Reeves on Friday that Anderson was
remorseful.
"He is sorry for the things he said on his short-wave radio program,
which caused a great deal of alarm, and he is very sorry for his actions
in Bell County which led to his imprisonment," Tapp said. "I think the
court accepted his apologies and I think the government accepted them as
well. I believe he is sincere." September 12. 2003 6:44PM
(via M.Terry-G, David Zantow-WI-USA in DXLD 3-164)
EX-MILITIA MEMBER APOLOGIZES
He fired on deputy; sentence is 15 years
By Bill Estep, SOUTH-CENTRAL KENTUCKY BUREAU, Sept 13
http://www.kentucky.com/mld/heraldleader/6760816.htm
LONDON - A former Kentucky State Militia member who shot at a deputy and
fled into the mountains nearly two years ago apologized yesterday for the
attack and for his radio broadcasts of extremist views. Stephen H.
Anderson, of rural Pulaski County, said during a hearing in federal court
that he'd experienced a "spirit of revival" since he was caught last
year.
"For the wrath of man worketh not the righteousness of God," Anderson
said, quoting the Epistle of James. "My actions were wrong -- bad wrong,"
he told U.S. District Judge Danny C. Reeves. "What I said was very wrong
and I apologize for that."
Anderson, 56, was in court to be sentenced on numerous weapons
violations, including possession of an illegal machine gun and several
homemade bombs. He told Reeves he looked forward to being a witness for
Christ behind bars, "so whatever you give me, praise God." Reeves gave
him 15 years. Anderson will have to serve at least 85 percent of that
time.
The judge did give Anderson a break on one set of weapons charges,
sentencing him to 60 months instead of the maximum of 71. One other
charge -- shooting at the deputy -- carried a 120-month sentence.
Anderson's attorney, David A. Tapp of Somerset, had urged the judge to
impose the low end of the sentencing range, saying that Anderson had done
mission work on a Sioux reservation while on the run, that he had a
strong work ethic, and that he candidly admitted his mistakes.
Assistant U.S. Attorney Martin Hatfield said he hoped Anderson's new
attitude is sincere. But he reminded the judge that two people could have
been killed in the attack on the deputy, whose girlfriend was with him in
the cruis-er when Anderson opened fire. Reeves said he thought Anderson
is a changed man.
In addition to sentencing Anderson to 15 years, the judge placed him on
four years supervised release after prison, ordered mental-health
treatment, and barred him from owning a gun or destructive device.Reeves
also said he would honor Anderson's request to recommend that he serve
his time at a Talladega, Ala., prison that has training available to
further his woodworking skills. Anderson has worked as an electrician and
carpenter. "Thank you, sir. God bless you," said Anderson, who was upbeat
during the hearing.
Before October 2001, he was best-known for a shortwave radio program
broadcast from his home, espousing racist, anti-government anti-Semitic
and sometimes violent views. Concerned groups said Anderson's programs
were among the most vitriolic on the airwaves. The paramilitary Kentucky
State Militia kicked Anderson out because of some of his views, members
told the Herald-Leader.
On Oct. 14, 2001, Scott Elder, then a deputy in Bell County, stopped
Anderson's pickup truck -- which was marked as a militia vehicle --
because a taillight wasn't working. Later comments to federal agents,
included in court records, indicated that Anderson might have been out on
the lookout for terrorists in the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks in New
York and Washington, D.C.
"The militia is going to be the last line of defense," he said. "You need
a gun behind every blade of grass in this country."
Anderson riddled Elder's cruiser with bullets from an assault rifle.
Elder took cover and was not hurt; his girlfriend was slightly injured.
Anderson later said he was a crack shot and could have killed Elder, but
fired on the cruiser only to keep the deputy from chasing him because he
feared Elder would overreact and shoot him during the traffic stop. "I
could have Swiss-cheesed him," Anderson said.
He fled the shooting, abandoned his truck in the mountains and set off on
foot. He had a .45-caliber pistol and carried a survival pack that
included maps, packaged military meals and other food, he later told
federal agents. Anderson indicated that he walked and hitchhiked his way
to North Carolina, living off the land at times. "Camping. Riverbanks.
Fish. Rabbits. It's easy," he said. He didn't say why he went to North
Carolina.
Police found pipe bombs and several thousand rounds of ammunition in
Anderson's truck. At his home, authorities found homemade bombs, more
than two dozen grenades ready to be filled with explosive material and
with fuses installed, two dozen guns, and thousands of rounds of
ammunition.
Anderson eluded capture for more than a year. Federal agents finally
caught him in North Carolina's Cherokee County in November, living under
an alias, after the America's Most Wanted TV program aired information on
him and someone phoned in a tip
(Lexington Herald-Leader via DXLD 3-164)
Still nothing posted as of Sept 13 from the Somerset Commonwealth-Review,
which also covered the Anderson story, but WKYT adds this brief item :
(G.Hauser-USA in DXLD 3-164)
MILITIA MEMBER SENTECNED
http://www.wkyt.com/Global/story.asp?S=1440316&nav=4CAKHxna
A judge has sentenced a former Kentucky militia member to 15 years in
prison on federal weapons charges. Stephen Anderson told the court any
sentence would be a blessing because he wants to minister while in
prison. He also asked to serve his sentence in Taladega, Florida because
the prison there has a wood shop. The judge says it wouldn't be a problem
however it's up to bureau of prisons. Anderson spent a year in jail after
shooting at a Bell County sheriff's deputy
(WKYT Lexington KY via DXLD 3-164)
A Changed Man ?
by JEFF NEAL, LONDON, Ky.
http://www.somerset-kentucky.com/reader.cfm?si=1&sd=3600
Steve Anderson once defied the government from his home on Elrod-Martin
Road in Pulaski County, via a hate-filled short-wave radio program. On
Friday before United States Eastern District Judge Danny C. Reeves,
Anderson displayed a different side.
"My actions were wrong ... bad wrong," Anderson said. "What I said was
very wrong and I apologize for that."
The 56-year-old former Kentucky Militia colonel was sentenced to 15 years
in prison, followed by four years of supervised release, for the offenses
of unlawful possession of a machine gun; using, carrying, brandishing and
discharging at firearm during and in relation to a crime of violence; and
possession of unregistered firearms.
Anderson added that he'd experienced a "spirit of revival" since he was
apprehended last year, after spending 13 months on the run as a federal
fugitive. "For the wrath of man worketh not the righteousness of God,"
Anderson said, quoting the Epistle of James.
Somerset attorney David Tapp, who represented Anderson, felt his client's
words were heart-felt. "(Anderson) apologized profusely for his actions,"
said Tapp. "He is sorry for the things he said on his short-wave radio
program, which caused a great deal of alarm, and he is very sorry for his
actions in Bell County which led to his imprisonment. "I think the court
accepted his apologies and I think the government accepted them as well,"
Tapp added. "I believe he is sincere."
Tapp also said Anderson was pleased with the plea agreement, and the
sentencing phase. "There was one issue in relation to the sentencing
guideline provisions that we brought up, and the judge ruled against Mr.
Anderson," Tapp said. "But when it came right down to it, we were only
talking about three months difference. Mr. Anderson had no problem
whatsoever with the government's position."
Anderson must also forfeit all weapons seized during the government's
investigation and undergo mental-health treatment. However, Anderson will
not have to make restitution for any damages done to a Bell County
Sheriff Department's cruiser during a shoot-out which led to his eventual
arrest. Anderson also will not face state charges relating to the Bell
County incident.
Tapp said Anderson could get some credit for good behavior, but added
that in the federal system, his client will have to serve at least 85
percent of his sentence. "I think things went about as well as they
could've for Mr. Anderson," Tapp said.
Anderson, who was expelled from the Kentucky State Militia in April 2001
for being "too extreme," gained international notoriety for his "United
Patriot Radio" broadcasts.
A proponent of Christian Identity, a racist and anti-Semitic religious
sect that teaches that whites ("Aryans") are descended from the Lost
Tribes of Israel and are God's chosen people, while Jews are descendants
of Satan and non-whites are soulless "mud peoples", Anderson became an
extremist among extremists.
From a clandestine radio station at his heavily fortified home on
Elrod-Martin Road, Anderson filled the short-wave airwaves with
inflammatory rhetoric against blacks, Jews and immigrants. He also
advocated the use of weapons and violence against law enforcement
officers.
"Dead men don't arrest anyone, dead men don't kick in doors, dead men
don't prosecute anyone … take care of business ... If you're going to
call yourself militia, then be militia," he said during a Sept. 2000
broadcast in what was to become a self-fulfilling prophecy.
As local and federal lawmen focused their attention on Anderson's
"compound" and illegal broadcasts, he became more and more outspoken, at
one point making a veiled threat toward a Commonwealth Journal writer.
Anderson was such a threat that even the late Pulaski County Sheriff Sam
Catron was leery of him. "If I went to arrest (Anderson), I would not
want to do it on his turf," Catron once said. "I think he's a very
dangerous individual."
On Oct. 14, 2001, Catron's worst fears about Anderson were confirmed. As
Anderson was returning from a white supremacist gathering in North
Carolina, he was pulled over by Bell County Sheriff's Deputy Sheriff
Scott Elder. Anderson's traffic offense was a busted tail light. Elder
asked Anderson if he had any weapons, at which point Anderson stepped out
of his pickup truck and began peppering Elder's cruiser with gunfire from
his semiautomatic assault weapon. Elder's 17-year-old girlfriend crouched
on the cruiser's floor miraculously escaping serious injury from more
than 20 shots that riddled the vehicle. Elder also escaped uninjured.
Anderson later said he thought Elder might overreact and shoot him during
the traffic stop, so he fired on the deputy to prevent a chase. Anderson
added he could've killed Elder because he is "a crack shot." "I could've
Swiss-cheesed him," Anderson said.
Court records indicate Anderson might've been on the lookout for
terrorists in light of the 9/11 attacks on New York City and Washington,
D.C.
"The militia is going to be the last line of defense," Anderson said.
"You need a gun behind every blade of grass in this country." Anderson, a
trained survivalist, fled the scene in his pickup, lost police when he
drove his truck onto a rugged unpaved road, and managed to escape into
the mountains of eastern Kentucky.
When authorities found Anderson's truck the next day, they discovered six
pipe bombs and ammunition inside. A small arsenal of weapons and
explosives was discovered during a subsequent search of Anderson's
residence including a machine gun, two bombs, a silencer, a sawed-off
rifle, and 25 other destructive devices, according to United States
Attorney Greg Van Tatenhove.
For more than a year, Anderson was able to elude capture despite a
nationwide manhunt. His luck ran out last November 22.
Acting on a tip following a November 2, 2002, episode of "America's Most
Wanted" which televised Anderson's story, the North Carolina State Bureau
of Investigation and the Bureau of Tobacco and Firearms arrested Anderson
without incident in Cherokee, N.C.
Anderson told federal agents he set out with a .45 caliber pistol and a
survival pack that included maps, packaged military meals and other food.
He said he walked and hitch-hiked his way into North Carolina, living off
the land when he needed to. "Camping ... riverbanks ... fish ... rabbits.
It's easy," Anderson said.
Tapp said yesterday that Anderson began to change while on the run.
"While he was a fugitive, he actually got involved in doing missionary
work," Tapp said. "He did a lot of work for the church and was even a
missionary on a Sioux reservation in South Dakota. "I believe he will
continue that type of work during his imprisonment ... he has been doing
work of that type during his incarceration," Tapp added.
Anderson told Reeves he would be a witness for Christ behind bars, "so
whatever you give me, praise God." Reeves, who said he believed Anderson
was a changed man, agreed to honor Anderson's request that it be
recommended Anderson serve his time at the Talledega Correctional
Facility in Alabama. "Mr. Anderson is interested in that facility's
cabinetry and woodworking programs," Tapp explained. Anderson, who has
worked as a carpenter and an electrician, thanked Reeves. "God bless
you," he said.
In exchange for Anderson's plea, the government did agree to drop one
weapons charge that would've called for a prison sentence of 30 years to
life. The case was prosecuted by Pulaski County native Martin Hatfield,
an assistant United States attorney. Story created Monday, September 15,
2003
(Somerset KY Commonwealth Journal via DXLD 3-166)
------------xxxxxxxxxx Feedback xxxxxxxxxx----------------------
R Free Cascadia Int
Other media news sources which have ignored R. Free Cascadia
International: BBC Monitoring, Media Network, Free Radio Network, and
perhaps most incredibly of all: Clandestine Radio Watch. On a number of
other lists, I was the only one posting an item about it, no follow-ups.
Are people just not paying attention, or are some hidden political
agendas at work?
(G.Hauser-USA Sep 17, 2003 in DXLD 3-167)
Re : R Free Cascadia Int not incl. in CRW ?
In his latest DXLD Glenn Hauser has been raising the following questions
:
= Other media news sources which have ignored R. Free
= Cascadia International: BBC Monitoring, Media Network, Free
= Radio Network, and perhaps most incredibly of all: Clandestine
= Radio Watch. On a number of other lists, I was the only one
= posting an item about it, no follow-ups. Are people just not
= paying attention, or are some hidden political agendas at work?
= (gh, DXLD)
At first I'd like to say that CRW should never be 'the judge' if a
station is a clandestine radio station or not. Every editor and DXer
should have his own opinion. We at CRW know how much DXLD does for the
DXers, you can see it every issue of CRW, how useful it is for us.
But in the case of R Free Cascadia Int we simply had a different opinion
about the status of the station. We see it as a political pirate, not as
a clandestine. I will explain that in 3 points :
Point 1 : Before we started CRW in 1998 I was very interested in pirate
radio broadcasting. In 1994 I started to edit an pirate radio address
list 'Piraten.WdB' (www.schoechi.de/pwdb.html).
For this list I collected a lot of information about current pirate radio
stations (on SW and MW, esp. from Europe and the Americas.
When I saw the report about 'R Free Cascadia Int' I knew, I know this
name from the pirate radio scene .. and this is what my address list
shows :
Cascadia Free R
on SW from America North
from the USA
operation planned in 97
Source : FRN-Web (www.frn.net)
Address :
Box 703
Eugene, OR 97440
USA
This means I saw plans for this one in 97 but I never saw a report that
this was active.
So this station was a pirate for me, not a clandestine. Somewhere in the
current news about it there have been reports about this one active as a
pirate on FM, that 'helped' my decision not to report about it.
Point 2 : Even from the content I do not think this is a clandestine. In
Germany we have a category of stations called 'Veranstaltungsrundfunk'
('Radio for a special event'). That's what it is in my opinion. A pirate
radio OP has been setting up a station for a political event.
Point 3 : In early November 2002 we had the large G8 (?)-meeting in
Genua/Genova-Italy. At that time there was a 'Amisnet News Agency' that
did a broadcast via IRRS in support to anti-globalization-protesters.
Nobody called that px a clandestine. I think, RFCI is the same category
as they were ..
A final remark once more (we mentioned this several times before) : Of
course the editors of CRW have their own political opinions. (And they
are contrary - but we see that fact as an advantage). But CRW itself has
no political aims, we simply follow the motto (taken from the RFE/RL
newsletters) "Freedom of information is ... the touchstone of all the
freedoms." (UN Freedom of Information Conference, 1948). If either Nick
Grace or me write articles with political opinions these are clearly
labelled as a personal opinion, not as the opinion of CRW.
The next issue of DXLD will also contain a joined official statement of
CRW and RNMN reg. RFCI. This statement, written by N.Grace, will deal
more with the content and the background of the station.
(M.Schoech-D Sep 18, 2003 for CRW)
Clandestine Radio Watch and Radio Netherlands Media Network flatly reject
the assertion that we ignored Radio Free Cascadia International (RFCI)
and withheld information from our readers for reasons based on ignorance
and/or "hidden political agendas." A balanced and objective analysis of
the station, its programs and objectives clearly shows that RFCI was not
a clandestine broadcasting station, as it claimed, but an interesting
political pirate, which is beyond the scope of our reportage.
The station occasionally criticized the Mexican government, yes, but its
broadcasts did not officially represent an opposition political party. It
broadcast speeches made by Zapatista leaders but it did not broadcast on
behalf of and for the Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional - an
indigenous Mexican separatist movement. The station's own Web site states
clearly that its organizers' objectives were to oppose capitalism and
globalization, as well as to challenge the World Trade Organization (WTO)
by supporting the protesters that descended upon Cancun to disrupt
ongoing WTO meetings. Interestingly, the Web site even describes their
role as one where "We modulate the air as freely as we breathe it, as a
challenge to those who would claim ownership and control of the natural
elements, peoples, plants and creatures of the Earth."
If the definition of clandestine radio is, as Chris Greenway described
BBCM's official definition in DXLD 0-119 on Oct 6, 2000, stations "which
do not specify their location, which specify an imprecise location... or
which falsely claim to emanate from a particular location," then it can
be argued that RFCI, allegedly originating from an organic farm somewhere
in Mexico, is clandestine. But that's like renting a "blue film" and
expecting it to be shot entirely with blue filters while ignoring all the
action. BBCM, itself, regularly deviated from their own definition by
categorizing the various Kurdish and 1990's Afghan anti-Taliban
opposition stations as "clandestine" when, in fact, these stations
operated overtly with salaried employees from fixed locations in Northern
Iraq and Northern Afghanistan.
Such a simplistic classification does not accommodate the fundamental
nature of clandestine radio: politics and power. A clandestine station
serves to support the strategic interests and tactical operations of an
opposition party, secessionist movement, foreign government and/or
(foreign and domestic) intelligence service by undermining the popular
support and credibility of a target government, region or specific
political group through psychological war and covert and overt
propaganda.
RFCI, therefore, did not pass our "litmus test" and, hence, was not
covered in the reports of either organization. There are other venues
with broader mandates for such news, including DXLD
(Nick Grace, Martin Schoech for CRW and Andy Sennitt for RNMN, Sept 18,
2003 via DXLD 3-168)
Hi Glenn, the debate about the Radio Free Cascadia transmissions is quite
interesting. Actually not the transmissions itself are a story from a
European point of view; instead "the medium is the message" one more
time. First, I am somewhat surprised about Nick Grace and Martin Schöch
issuing a joint statement with RNW. I wonder why, completely aside from
the question whether or not they are entitled to speak for RNW at all?
How are editorial decisions at RNW connected with the CRW project?
[Wrong, it was a statement with RNMN, not RNW -CRW]
Martin Schöch argues that this was some kind of Veranstaltungsrundfunk
(that's what is known in the UK as RSL stations). I think this comparison
not really fits because such stations are operated by people favouring
the respective events and organizations, but this was obviously not the
case here. And temporary FM licences are issued to Veranstaltungsrundfunk
stations; they are no pirates like this one.
But the debate focused on the term "clandestine": I think this is a
problematic issue in general since it implies a judgment to brand a
broadcast operation as a clandestine. An obvious example is the
VoR-produced Radiostantsiya Chechnya Svobodnaya, I remember how VoR's
Pavel Mikhailov distributed a sharp reaction (like: some people with no
any idea about these things are searching for a sensation) after these
transmissions were labeled as a clandestine. Or to mention the most
recent example: I guess the people at the FLoK citizen radio association
at Cologne would be quite surprised if they would be told that their
Radio Rhino International project is labelled as "clandestine". [...]
(K.Ludwig-D Sep 20, 2003 in DXLD 3-169)
Glenn, With reference to the comments by Mr. Ludwig re Radio Free
Cascadia: Kai Ludwig writes: "I am somewhat surprised about Nick Grace
and Martin Schöch issuing a joint statement with RNW."
They did no such thing. The statement was written on behalf of Media
Network, the Webzine (i.e. me) and not RNW, the organisation. I do not
speak for Radio Netherlands management, I am merely an employee. And Mr.
Ludwig knows that perfectly well. As to why CRW issued a joint statement
with Media Network, we have made no secret of the fact that we work
closely together. Media Network has published a number of articles
written by Nick Grace of CRW, and will continue to do so. We were two of
the media outlets you specifically bracketed together as
possibly having a political motive for not covering Radio Free Cascadia.
I asked Nick Grace to reply on behalf of both of us. If Mr. Ludwig has a
problem with that, I am sorry. He is welcome to write a letter of
complaint to Radio Netherlands management if he thinks I have acted
incorrectly.
(A.Sennitt-HOL Sep 23, 2003 in DXLD 3-170)
I should clarify that my incomplete list of media news organisations
which did not mention RFCI, including Media Network, did not mean to
imply that all of them did so for political reasons. It`s not really
unusual that MN did not mention it; MN in particular is extremely
selective in the news items covered, with no attempt to be
comprehensive, but instead to post items which may not have appeared
elsewhere --- often only one a day, or even less. It does seem somewhat
odd that Media Network must be considered a separate entity from RN
itself, as we need to be reminded frequently
(G.Hauser-USA Sep 23, 2003 in DXLD 3-170)
Hello CRW readers, in a recent mail I compared the station RFCI with the
German 'radios for a special event' ('Veranstaltungsrundfunk') on FM.
As it seems this caused some confusion and nobody of you saw the ironic
meaning of this classification. [If I I would have used some smileys :-)
in the text it would have been easier].
Kai is right, Veranstaltungsrundfunk in Germany is done by (temporary)
licensed, low power station on FM. RFCI is of course some kind of
'Anti-Veranstaltungsrundfunk' (radio against a special event).
If Radio Freies Gorleben does a FM transmission against the transport of
old nuclear material into the subterranean caves of Gorleben it is also
'radio against a special event', but not a clandestine.
Some comments received here mentioned f.i. 'RFCI is more a clandestine
than R Marti/RFE-RL'.
Well, that is a question of definition. If you define a 'clandestine
station' via the tx-site then it might be true. But if you define it as
'a station that wants to alter the political system of a given state'
then the interpretation of CRW might be true.
I doubt that it has been the aim of RFCI to get the 'world leadership'
('Clandestine to Earth' (DXLD)). I'd rather assume they wanted to
inform/mobilize the anti-globalization-protesters itself and a part of
the public opinion.
Since we at CRW/CRC edit a newsletter and a webpage about Clandestine
Radio we have to stick to some (own) rules of course. That does not mean
that these rules are the absolute truth or that we condemN the opinion of
other DXers, but of course we will follow our own rules in our own
publications.
We have several (different) opinions and we have several DX-publications
that can publish these (different) opinions. Such a variety is a valuable
good and we should keep it that way. yours,
(M.Schöch-D Sept 23, 2003 for DXLD)
One of the participants in RFCI, not necessarily representing the opinion
of the organization, responded to the previous discussion about whether
it`s pirate or clandestine:
Now THAT`S funny! Let me get this straight, because we do not answer to
some overarching hierarchical structure, itself a recreation of the
statism against which we struggle, we are relegated to the belittling
label of "pirate" rather than somehow making the cut to graduate to
actual "clandestine" status.
I suppose I would argue that the anti corporate globalization movement,
the movement that brought you the battle of Seattle, that has scuttled
two WTO trade rounds in four years costing transnational capitol hundreds
of billions in delays, that has personnel in occupied Palestine defending
people`s houses and getting killed for it, is a legitimate, if disparate,
political entity.
I wonder, had we downed that federal helicopter would we have made the
grade? What if we are still here ten years from now, then do we make it?
Thanks for all the press, Glenn. Everyone appears to have extracted
without loss. They did scope one transport volunteer with a particularly
hot load but did not make contact. Our feeling is that it was a bad week
to draw additional attention to either the FCC or the WTO so they decided
to gather information only. We also note NPR's total news blackout on the
collapse of the Cancún round Monday --- funny, it was news last week, now
not a peep, and they wonder why we build our own stations. We have one
half hour posted on radio4all as mp3; hope to get more up but the archive
needs to be logged first, may take a while. Got to keep moving, later
(RFCI memeber Sep 23, 2003 via DXLD 1-170)
------------xxxxxxxxxx Sources xxxxxxxxxx----------------------
Thanks to the following contributors : Achraf Chaabane, Andy Sennitt,
Anker Petersen, Al Quaglieri, Arnaldo L. Slaen, Björn Fransson, Kouji
Hashimoto, Mohamed Kallel, Patric Robic, Sheryl Paszkiewicz, Silvain
Domen, Wendel Craighead, Wolfgang Büschel
Source Abbreviations:
A-DX : A-DX-mailing list-Austria
BBCM : BBC Monitoring-UK
BCDX : Broadcast DX-Germany
CDX : Cumbre DX-USA
ConDig : Conexion Digital-Argentina
CRW : Clandestine Radio Watch-Germany
DXLD : DX Listening Digest-USA
DXW : DX Window-Denmark
HCDX : Hard-Core-DX-mailing list-USA
JAP : Japan Premium-Japan
OBS : Observer-Bulgaria
QIP : QSL Information Pages-Germany
RMO : Radio Marti Observer-USA
TDP : Transmitter Documentation Project
BBCM items are Copyright BBCM 2003.
______________________________________________________